{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# 1: PROBLEM STATEMENT AND PROJECT OVERVIEW\n",
    "\n",
    "* For investors to properly manage their portfolios, they need to visualize datasets, find useful patterns, and gain valuable insight such as stocks daily returns and risks.\n",
    "\n",
    "* In this project, we will use the power of Python to perform stock data analysis and stock return calculation."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "id": "zAlupUSit5fK"
   },
   "source": [
    "#  2: IMPORT DATASETS AND LIBRARIES"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "id": "_CUspuoRt25m"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "import pandas as pd\n",
    "import numpy as np\n",
    "import matplotlib.pyplot as plt\n",
    "import seaborn as sns\n",
    "import plotly.express as px\n",
    "import plotly.figure_factory as ff\n",
    "import plotly.graph_objects as go\n",
    "import os"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 415
    },
    "id": "G7-KNz6Dt9JS",
    "outputId": "b030a7c4-02b6-4aa7-f2d7-8144bb0a200a"
   },
   "source": [
    "### Read the stock data csv file, here's the list of the stocks considered:\n",
    "\n",
    "* AAPL = Apple \n",
    "* BA = Boeing \n",
    "* T = AT&T\n",
    "* MGM = MGM Resorts International (Hotel Industry)\n",
    "* AMZN = Amazon\n",
    "* IBM = IBM\n",
    "* TSLA = Tesla Motors\n",
    "* GOOG = Google \n",
    "* sp500 = US Stock Market Index(S&P 500 is a stock market index that measures the stock performance of 500 large companies listed on U.S. stock exchange)\n",
    "> Check the list of S&P 500 companies here: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_S%26P_500_companies\n",
    "\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "#change directory\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# Read data\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 415
    },
    "id": "QTg_POeCuUeE",
    "outputId": "46801634-de59-42c7-ae96-6fee2e9a5ad5"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# Sort the stock data by date\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 35
    },
    "id": "77rPtCs85NgU",
    "outputId": "c6055315-03dc-4720-e73a-554e0d1cc780"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# Print out the number of stocks\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 191
    },
    "id": "8wBR2CHA5O87",
    "outputId": "b873cb3b-fde8-4ab9-a438-de7213aeb81a"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# Print the name of stocks\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# list of stock names and count of stocks\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "id": "ubohn_-54V0Y"
   },
   "source": [
    "**MINI CHALLENGE #1:** \n",
    "- **What is the average return of the S&P500?**\n",
    "- **Which stock or index has the minimum dispersion from the mean in dollar value?**\n",
    "- **What is the maximum price for AMZN stock over the specified time period?** "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "id": "qmba17fwuk83"
   },
   "source": [
    "# 3: PERFORM EXPLORATORY DATA ANALYSIS"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 208
    },
    "id": "igiwssGruHHH",
    "outputId": "412220ae-9e7a-43cf-b3ed-895caffe4946"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# Check if data contains any null values\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 312
    },
    "id": "0NCbEVYJuqND",
    "outputId": "7e02b336-f36a-435d-a3a2-aa5be89a0791"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# Getting dataframe info\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "id": "_sYkHjZJuqTg"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# Define a function to plot the entire dataframe\n",
    "# The function takes in a dataframe df as an input argument and does not return anything back!\n",
    "# The function performs data visualization\n",
    "# Pandas works great with matplotlib, you can simply plot data directly from a Pandas DataFrame using plot() method\n",
    "\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 458
    },
    "id": "HBLjDdvS81xD",
    "outputId": "326770f4-d843-495c-d27a-1bc72a0375ff"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# Plot the data\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "id": "yt7FZfV19_M5"
   },
   "source": [
    "**MINI CHALLENGE #2:**\n",
    "- **Print out normalized (scaled) stock prices**  \n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "id": "8L9gXztQ92TC"
   },
   "source": [
    "# 4: PERFORM INTERACTIVE DATA VISUALIZATION"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "id": "yUcMVHQQuqQZ"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# Function to perform an interactive data plotting using plotly express\n",
    "# Plotly.express module which is imported as px includes functions that can plot interactive plots easily and effectively. \n",
    "# Every Plotly Express function uses graph objects internally and returns a plotly.graph_objects.Figure instance. \n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 542
    },
    "id": "x3tsVq0Juz_b",
    "outputId": "35b4fcf8-d897-4e84-9f10-e7e1e25598c9"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# Plot interactive chart\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "id": "eEst3QL0AGNc"
   },
   "source": [
    "**MINI CHALLENGE #3:**\n",
    "- **Plot normalized stock data in an interactive way**\n",
    "- **It seems that most stocks experienced massive drops in 2020, let's assume that you own 100 shares of the S&P500 and you bought them on Feb 19th, 2020. How much did you lose (in $) by March 23rd, 2020?**\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "id": "sy2lCzGi0Q9K"
   },
   "source": [
    "# 5: CALCULATE INDIVIDUAL STOCKS DAILY RETURNS"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 225
    },
    "id": "eAqHOkFREV-0",
    "outputId": "733bef8c-a598-4570-d03a-dcf34ab1a60b"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# Let's calculate daily return for a single security\n",
    "# Let's take the S&P500 as an example first\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "id": "ZmweQxu1F9b9"
   },
   "source": [
    "**MINI CHALLENGE #4:**\n",
    "- **Calculate the daily return for Amazon stock.**\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "id": "E_Ldvu42F0yI"
   },
   "source": [
    "# 6: CALCULATE MULTIPLE STOCKS DAILY RETURNS"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "id": "BAYcdk5_J1X6"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# Let's define a function to calculate stocks daily returns (for all stocks) \n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "id": "gFxXpwVfWPaC"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# Get the daily returns \n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "id": "k-OTQRikGnXK"
   },
   "source": [
    "**MINI CHALLENGE #5:**\n",
    "- **Plot the returns vs. time using both static and interactive plots.**\n",
    "- **What is the maximum daily return in % values?**"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "id": "O0fakkYYINwa"
   },
   "source": [
    "# 7: CALCULATE THE CORRELATIONS BETWEEN DAILY RETURNS "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "id": "yO74euRqT5l7"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# Daily Return Correlation\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "id": "5BODhJ55Jxde"
   },
   "source": [
    "**MINI CHALLENGE #6:**\n",
    "- **What are the top 2 stocks that are positively correlated with the S&P500?**\n",
    "- **What is the correlation between Amazon and Boeing? Comment on your answer.**\n",
    "- **What is the correlation between MGM and Boeing? Comment on your answer.**"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "id": "6o_TJSknK0nT"
   },
   "source": [
    "# 8: PLOT THE HISTOGRAM FOR DAILY RETURNS"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 607
    },
    "id": "2XX_aVAXPOod",
    "outputId": "8270ef3d-6dc1-4285-c179-60111316d89d"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# Histogram of daily returns\n",
    "# Stock returns are normally distributed with zero mean \n",
    "# Notice how Tesla Standard deviation is high indicating a more volatile stock\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "id": "BdLC2x_aLGOU"
   },
   "source": [
    "**MINI CHALLENGE #7:**\n",
    "- **Based on the histogram, which of the following stocks are more risky? T or TSLA?**"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 329
    },
    "id": "C_HRCdtiQNR6",
    "outputId": "b310da07-421b-46b5-c3f0-ddae4b38e1c3"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# Group all data returns together in a list\n",
    "# Make a copy of the daily returns dataframe\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# Plotly's Python API contains a super pwerful module known as figure factory module \n",
    "# Figure factory module includes wrapper functions that create unique chart types such as interactive subplots \n",
    "# Check this out for more information: https://plotly.com/python/figure-factory-subplots/\n",
    "# Notice how Boeing, Tesla and MGM gains are losses are sometimes extreme! This will indicate a more risky investment and can be quantified later using Sharpe Ratio\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "id": "KPq0NpLQ8HxL"
   },
   "source": [
    "### EXCELLENT JOB!"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "**Disclaimer:**\n",
    "\n",
    "This is by no means is investment advice and we are simply trying to do some data analysis and that's all."
   ]
  }
 ],
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